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（1）同义：
When the officer surrendered, the others gave up too.
（2）对照：
At the beach, some parts are deep, and others are shallow.
（3）比喻：
Rhythmic speech or writing is like waves of the sea, moving on ward with
alternating rise and fall.
（4）定义：
Linguistics is the study of the way in which language works.
（5）重述：
Professor Wilson's approach to research is eclectic.
He learns all the currently relevant theories and then tries to combine the best features of each theory.
（6）逻辑推理：
I gripped the wheel as hard as I could with both hand sand began to turn it.
逻辑连接词也能帮助我们推断词义。请看例证，你能确定划线词的含义吗？
（1）重述关系。这类连接词有：similarly, that is, in otherwords, for example, likewise等。
They seemed to have problem with directionality. In otherwords, they got lost.
（2）对照关系。这类连接词有：but，in spite of，on the contrary，where as，paradoxically等。
The questions were civil enough in form，but Ms Taylor thought she could detect a hidden malice．
（3）因果关系。这类连接词有：so，therefore，hence等。
I had not cleaned his car for over two months so it was filthy.
有时，标点符号也起着解释词义的作用。请看下例：
The disease is not contagious: you can't catch it by touching somebody.
冒号后的分句注释划线词的含义：接触传染性的。
以上主要谈了阅读技能之一，即生词意思的推断问题，但这并不意味着掌握词汇不重要。恰恰相反，词汇量是中国学生提高阅读能力的“瓶颈”，尤其是在阅读的初中级阶段。所以，对大学生或同等水平的英语学习者来说，要通过大量阅读或其他手段尽可能地扩大词汇量。
要真正学好英语，一是不要局限于学“课本英语”。只学课本，学不好英语。由于教学上的需要，“课本英语”多是一种“理想化”的语言材料，它与现实生活中以交流为目的的真实语言材料有一定的距离。二是不要学“考试英语”，大量做各类考题也许能帮助你在考试中提高分数，但这绝对不是提高英语水平的明智之举！大量的阅读是学好英语的一个主要途径，而阅读本身也是学习外语的目的之一。
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